In addition to the X, Y, and Z axes, there are also rotational and rocking axes. The rotation axis can be the A axis, or the B axis or the C axis, except that the rotation axis (such as the A axis) has been defined, the rotation axis can rotate 360 degrees, and one of the other two axes (such as B or C), swing The axis can only rotate at a certain angle (eg 90 degrees plus or minus 90 degrees) and not 360 degrees.
There are five-axis horizontal machining centers, five-axis composite machining centers, etc. One axis that rotates about X is called the A axis, and the axes that it rotates about the Y and Z axes are called the B and C axes.
The five-axis machining center has the characteristics of high precision, and the pentahedron can be processed by one clamping of the workpiece. Using the five-axis CNC system, it can also perform high-precision processing of complex spatial surfaces, and is more suitable for the processing of modern molds such as automobile parts and aircraft structural parts.
There are two ways to rotate the vertical five-axis machining center. One is the table rotation axis. The table on the bed can rotate around the X axis, which is defined as the A axis. The general working range of the A axis is +30-120 degrees.
The five-axis linkage machine tool is adopted to make workpiece clamping more convenient. No special fixtures are required, reducing tooling costs, avoiding repeated clamping, and improving mold processing accuracy. Using the five-axis machining center mold can reduce the number of tooling.
In addition, since the five-axis simultaneous machine tool can save a lot of special tools, the cost of the tools is reduced. The use of five-axis simultaneous machining can increase the effective blade length of the tool, reduce the cutting force, increase the service life of the tool, and reduce the cost.
In conventional mold processing, the milling of workpieces is generally completed by vertical machining centers. With the continuous development of the mold manufacturing process, some weaknesses of the vertical machining center itself are increasingly emerging.
At present, the mold processing is generally carried out with ball-end milling cutters. The benefits of ball-end milling cutters for mold processing are obvious, but if a vertical five-axis machining center is used, four- and five-axis machine tools can overcome the above shortcomings. And the flatness of the bottom surface is poor, if four or five axes are used to process the mold.
